ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to describe the cardiovascular injury and clinical features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of children with MIS-C (from September 1, 2021 to February 28, 2022) in Children's Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City. Demographics, clinical history, significant underlying conditions, clinical manifestations, laboratory investigations, and medical management were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 76 patients were included (median age, 5.9 years old, 2 months-16 years). The male/female ratio was 1.6/1. Most patients (75/76) had no previous medical conditions. The mean time from acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to symptom onset was 39 days. During an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, these patients are either asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic. In addition to fever, gastrointestinal symptoms were also prominent, as observed in our study, with 75%, 73.7%, and 72.3% of patients presenting with abdominal pain, vomiting, and loose stools, respectively. The levels of inflammatory markers increased upon admission and returned to normal levels after treatment. Echocardiography revealed decreased myocardial contractility and coronary injury in 16 (21.1%) and 32 (42.1%) patients, respectively. Most cases (72/76) had no fever within 3 days of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and methylprednisolone treatment. No deaths occurred in this study. The mean duration of hospitalization was 7.2 days. CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular involvement was observed in approximately 53.9% of the patients. Anti-inflammatory treatment with IVIG and methylprednisolone had a favorable short-term outcome. However, long-term follow-up studies on post-discharge MIS-C cases are needed to make appropriate treatment recommendations in the acute phase.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Cardiovascular Diseases , Child , Humans , Female , Male , Child, Preschool , COVID-19/complications , SARS-CoV-2 , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous , Retrospective Studies , Vietnam/epidemiology , Aftercare , Patient Discharge , Fever , MethylprednisoloneABSTRACT
We tested pre-pandemic (2015-2019) plasma samples from 148 Vietnamese children, and 100 Vietnamese adults at high risk of zoonotic infections, for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins. None was positive, indicating no prior serological cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV-2 that might explain the low numbers of COVID-19 in Vietnam.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , ZoonosesABSTRACT
During Covid 19 we need to recognize role of risk management including IT security and financial risk management. Risk can reflex in Fluctuation of stock price in commercial banks in developing countries such as Vietnam, which will reflect the business health of bank system and the whole economy. Good business management requires us to consider the impacts of multi macro factors on stock price, and it contributes to promoting business plan and economic policies for economic growth and stabilizing macroeconomic factors. By data collection method through statistics, analysis, synthesis, comparison, quantitative analysis to generate qualitative comments and discussion;using econometric method to perform regression equation and evaluate quantitative results, the article analyzed and evaluated the impacts of six (6) macroeconomic factors on stock price of a joint stock commercial bank, Eximbank (EIB) in Vietnam in the period of 2014-2019, both positive and negative sides. The results of quantitative research, in a seven factor model, show that the increase in Risk free rate has a significant effect on increasing EIB stock price with the highest impact coefficient, the second is decreasing CPI and lending rate. This research finding and recommended policy also can be used as reference in policy for commercial bank system in many developing countries. We also recommend some plans to deal with risk management and IT security in this industry.